When to Seek Hospice Care

Artificial Nutrition and Hydration

Loss of appetite and thirst at the end of life is common, and many people stop eating and drinking naturally. Artificial nutrition and hydration provided through feeding tubes or other artificial means can be offered. As with other medical interventions, there are benefits and burdens. Clinical experience and research suggests that when provided to patients near the end of life, artificial nutrition and hydration are only occasionally effective in preventing suffering or prolonging life.

When a loved one stops eating and drinking, family members often fear that this is painful, but it is not believed to be. Loved ones often struggle with allowing the person to go without food and fluids but can adjust with counseling and support. Various values and belief systems lead some patients and families to choose artificial nutrition and hydration. It's important to communicate with your doctors and faith community leaders on the topic.

If a patient does stop eating or drinking near the end of life, the palliative team can provide comfort care to alleviate side effects that may occur. For instance, dry mouth is quite common, but simple remedies such as ice chips, swabbing the mouth with a damp cloth and applying moisturizer can be very effective.

For more information about artificial nutrition and hydration, read this brochure offered by the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization